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Re: Civil Society Appeal to the UN Human Rights Council to Investigate the 1988 Massacre
25 January 2022
Excellencies,
We, civil society organisations, many in consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and human rights and legal experts welcome the recent calls by the UN Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID) for an international investigation into the 1988 mass extrajudicial executions and enforced disappearances of political prisoners in Iran.
The 1988 massacre took place following a fatwa by Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, which stated: “As the [People’s Mojahedin (PMOI)] do not believe in Islam … and as they are waging war on God … It is decreed that those who are in prison throughout the country and remain steadfast in their support for the [PMOI] are waging war on God and are condemned to execution.”
‘Death Commissions’ were quickly established across Iran for the purpose, and thousands of political prisoners who refused to abandon their beliefs were executed. The victims were buried in mass graves scattered throughout the country.
The perpetrators continue to enjoy impunity. They include the current Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi and Judiciary Chief Gholam-Hossein Mohseni Ejei.
We are concerned that lack of accountability for the perpetrators by the international community could embolden the Iranian authorities to commit further atrocities against dissident protesters and political prisoners, as was witnessed during the deadly crackdown on the nationwide protests of 2019.
Time for the UN to demonstrate that it means what it says through an international inquiry
Seven UN Special Rapporteurs wrote to the Iranian authorities on 3 September 2020, stating that the 1988 extrajudicial executions may amount to “crimes against humanity.”
Their letter stated that the failure of UN bodies to act over the 1988 massacre has “had a devastating impact on the survivors and families” and “emboldened” the Iranian authorities to “conceal the fate of the victims and to maintain a strategy of deflection and denial.”
The UN experts suggested that the international community should “investigate the cases including through the establishment of an international investigation.”
On 3 May 2021, some 152 former UN officials and renowned international human rights and legal experts wrote to UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet, calling for a Commission of Inquiry into the 1988 massacre.
Signatories included a former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, a former UN Deputy Secretary-General, 28 former UN Special Rapporteurs on human rights, and the chairs of previous UN Commissions of Inquiry into human rights abuses in Eritrea and North Korea. Distinguished legal professionals who signed the appeal included the former Chief Prosecutor of the UN International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, a former Special Prosecutor at the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, and the first President of the UN Special Court for Sierra Leone.
Amnesty International in a statement on 19 June 2021 reiterated that Ebrahim Raisi had a key role in the 1988 massacre and should be “investigated for his involvement in past and ongoing crimes under international law, including by states that exercise universal jurisdiction.”
In its 2018 report Blood-soaked secrets: Why Iran’s 1988 prison massacres are ongoing crimes against humanity , Amnesty International concluded that, in addition to committing the crime against humanity of murder in 1988, by extrajudicially executing thousands of political dissidents in secret, the Iranian authorities are committing the ongoing crimes against humanity of enforced disappearance, persecution, torture and other inhumane acts, including by systematically concealing the fate of the victims and the whereabouts of their remains.
On 29 June 2021, the UN Special Rapporteur on Iran, Javaid Rehman, called for an independent inquiry into the 1988 state-ordered executions and the role played by Ebrahim Raisi as Tehran deputy prosecutor. Prof. Rehman said that his office was ready to share gathered testimonies and evidence if the Human Rights Council or another body sets up an impartial investigation. He added that he was concerned at reports that some “mass graves” were being destroyed as part of a continuing cover-up.
On 4 August 2021, the UN Working Group on Enforced Disappearances in a report to the Human Rights Council called for an “international investigation” into the 1988 massacre. The report stated:
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
84. The Working Group reiterates the concerns expressed about the ongoing concealment of burial sites of those forcibly disappeared and allegedly executed between July and September 1988 across the country. The Working Group recalls that an enforced disappearance continues until the fate and whereabouts of the individuals concerned are established and joins the call for an international investigation into the matter.
Human rights experts believe that the extrajudicial executions in 1988 in Iran amount to crimes against humanity and genocide. Former UN judge Geoffrey Robertson has described the killings as genocide, arguing that according to Khomeini’s decree, the principal reason for the call to annihilate PMOI supporters was that they were “waging war on God.” According to renowned international humanitarian law expert Prof. Eric David, what happened in 1988 “amounts to genocide.”
We believe it’s long overdue for the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet to investigate the 1988 massacre.
Therefore, we urge the UN Human Rights Council to urgently challenge the impunity enjoyed by Iranian officials by mandating an international investigation into the 1988 mass executions and enforced disappearances of thousands of political prisoners which constitute ongoing crimes against humanity.
SIGNED:
Individual signatories:
Dr. Ricardo Lagos Escobar – (Chile)
President of Chile (2000-2006)
UN Special Envoy on Climate Change (2007-2010)
President of Fundación Democracia y Desarrollo (FDD)
Jacques Santer – (Luxembourg)
Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1984-1995)
President of the European Commission (1995-1999)
Judge Sang-Hyun Song – (South Korea)
President of the International Criminal Court (ICC) (2009-2015)
Dr. Joachim Rücker – (Germany)
President of the UN Human Rights Council (2015)
Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Germany to the UN in Geneva (2014-2016)
Inspector General of the Federal Foreign Office (2011-2014)
Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General and Head of the UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) (2006-2008)
Amb. Claude Heller – (Mexico)
President of the UN Security Council (2009 & 2010)
Former Permanent Representative of Mexico to the UN
Sir Howard Morrison QC – (United Kingdom)
President of the Appeals Division of the International Criminal Court (ICC) (2012-2018 & 2020-2021)
Former Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
Prof. José Luís da Cruz Vilaça – (Portugal)
President of the Court of First Instance of the European Communities (1989-1995)
Judge of the Court of Justice of the European Union (2012-2018)
Member of the Portuguese Government (1980-1983)
Professor of EU Law, attorney at law, founder and managing partner of Cruz Vilaça Advogados
Jose Ramos-Horta – (Timor-Leste)
Winner of the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize
Former President of Timor-Leste (East Timor)
Chair of the Steering Committee of the World Movement for Democracy
Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General in Guinea-Bissau and Head of UNIOGBIS (2013-2014)
Dr. Rowan Williams – (United Kingdom)
Former Archbishop of Canterbury
Former Master of Magdalene College, University of Cambridge
Guy Verhofstadt MEP – (Belgium)
Prime Minister of Belgium (1999-2008)
President of the Council of the European Union (2001-2001)
Member of the European Parliament
Prof. Leila Nadya Sadat – (United States)
Special Adviser on Crimes Against Humanity to the ICC Prosecutor (2012-present)
Director, Crimes Against Humanity Initiative
James Carr Professor of International Criminal Law and Director of the Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute at Washington University Law School
Prof. Tim McCormack – (Australia)
Special Adviser on War Crimes to the ICC Prosecutor (2010-present)
Professor of International Law, The University of Tasmania
Judge Baroness Christine Van den Wyngaert – (Belgium)
Special Adviser to the ICC Prosecutor (2021-present)
Judge, Kosovo Specialist Chambers (KSC) (2017-present)
Judge, International Criminal Court (2009-2018)
Ad hoc Judge, International Court of Justice (ICJ) (2000-2002)
Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (2003–2009)
Prof. Kevin Jon Heller – (United States)
Professor of International Law and Security, University of Copenhagen (Centre for Military Studies)
Professor of Law, Australian National University
Prof. Juan E. Méndez – (Argentina)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (2010-2016)
Special Adviser of the UN Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide (2004-2007)
Former President of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) of the Organization of American States
Prof. Pablo de Greiff – (Colombia)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Guarantees of Non-Recurrence (2012-2018)
Rapporteur, UN Human Rights Council Experts’ Group on Prevention (2019-2020)
Member, UN Independent Investigation on Burundi (UNIIB) (2015-2016)
Director, Prevention Project & Transitional Justice Program, Center for Human Rights and Global Justice, School of Law, New York University
Member, UN Secretary General’s Civil Society Advisory Board (2019-)
Dr. Karen Smith – (South Africa)
Special Adviser of the UN Secretary-General on the Responsibility to Protect (2019-2021)
Prof. Jennifer Welsh – (Canada)
Special Adviser of the UN Secretary-General on the Responsibility to Protect (2013-2016)
Canada 150 Research Chair in Global Governance & Security, McGill University
Prof. Buhm-Suk Baek – (South Korea)
Member, UN Human Rights Council Advisory Committee
Professor, Kyung Hee University
Prof. Catherine Van de Heyning – (Belgium)
Member, UN Human Rights Council Advisory Committee
Professor of fundamental rights, University of Antwerp
Prof. Claudio Grossman – (Chile)
Member, UN International Law Commission (ILC) (2016-present)
Chair, ILC’s Drafting Committee (2019)
President, Inter-American Institute of Human Rights (IIDH) (2014-present)
President, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) (1996, 2001)
Chair, UN Committee against Torture (CAT) (4 terms, from 2008-2015)
Chair, UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies (2013)
Professor of Law & Dean Emeritus, R. Geraldson Scholar for International and Humanitarian Law, American University Washington College of Law
Prof. Stefan Trechsel – (Switzerland)
President of the European Commission of Human Rights (1995–1999)
Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (2006-2013)
Yasmin Sooka – (South Africa)
Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan
Former Commissioner, South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Former Commissioner, Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Honorary Fellow, University of Cape Town
Prof. Michael Lynk – (Canada)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Western University
Dr. Margaret M. deGuzman – (United States)
Judge, UN International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals
Professor of Law and Co-Director, Institute for International Law and Public Policy, Temple University Beasley School of Law
Prof. Ana Salinas de Frías – (Spain)
Ad Hoc Judge, European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
Professor, Law Faculty of the University of Málaga, Spain
President, Spanish Society of International Law (AEPDIRI)
Anne Ramberg – (Sweden)
Co-Chair, International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI)
Ad hoc Judge, European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
Board Member, European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA)
Chair, Board of Uppsala University
Former Secretary General, Swedish Bar Association
Prof. Annalisa Ciampi – (Italy)
Ad hoc Judge, European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights to Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and of Association
Professor of International Law, University of Verona
Member of the European Committee of Social Rights, Council of Europe (2008-2009)
Former Legal Adviser to the Italian Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Hon. Richard J. Goldstone – (South Africa)
Former Judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa
Former Chief Prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda
Honorary President of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI)
Thomas Hammarberg – (Sweden)
Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights (2006-2012)
Secretary General of the Stockholm-based Olof Palme International Center (2002–2005)
Ambassador of the Swedish Government on Humanitarian Affairs (1994–2002)
Secretary General of the NGO “Save the Children Sweden” (1986–1992)
Secretary General of Amnesty International (1980–1986)
Representative of the UN Secretary General for human rights in Cambodia (1996-2000)
Member of Parliament (2018-present)
Gen. Wesley K. Clark – (United States)
Supreme Allied Commander Europe of NATO (1997-2000)
Amb. Stephen J. Rapp – (United States)
Former US Ambassador-at-Large for Global Criminal Justice (2009-2015)
Former Prosecutor of the UN Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL) (2007-2009)
Senior Fellow at Center for the Prevention of Genocide of US Holocaust Memorial Museum and at Center for Ethics, Law & Armed Conflict (ELAC) of Oxford University
Prof. Gay McDougall – (United States)
UN Independent Expert on Minority Issues (2005-2011)
Member-Elect, UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) (Vice Chair 2018-2019)
Senior Fellow and Distinguished Scholar-in-Residence, Leitner Center for International Law and Justice / Center for Race, Law and Justice, Fordham University School of Law
Prof. Christian Tomuschat – (Germany)
Professor em. Humboldt University Berlin
President of the OSCE Court of Conciliation and Arbitration (2013-2019)
Member of the UN Human Rights Committee (1977-1986)
Member and Chairman of the UN International Law Commission (1985-1996)
Rapporteur of the UN Human Rights Commission on the human rights situation in Guatemala (1990-1993)
Coordinator, Commission for Historical Clarification (CEH), Guatemala (1997-1999)
Prof. Marc Bossuyt – (Belgium)
Vice Chairperson of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD)
President of the Constitutional Court of Belgium (2007-2014)
Em. Professor, Antwerp University
Prof. the Hon. Gareth Evans AC QC – (Australia)
Former Foreign Minister of Australia
President Emeritus, International Crisis Group
Chancellor of Australian National University (2010-2019)
Former member of the UN Secretary-General’s Advisory Committee on Genocide
John Baird – (Canada)
Former Foreign Minister of Canada
Giulio Terzi – (Italy)
Former Foreign Minister of Italy
Former Permanent Representative of Italy to the UN
Former Ambassador of Italy to the US
Petrit Selimi – (Kosovo)
Former Foreign Minister of Republic of Kosovo
Radosław Sikorski MEP – (Poland)
Former Foreign Minister of Poland
Member of the European Parliament
Amb. Hans Corell – (Sweden)
Former Judge of Appeal
Former Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and the Legal Counsel of the United Nations (1994-2004)
Former Co-Chair of the Council of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute
Mike Smith – (Australia)
Former Chair of the UN Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in Eritrea
Former Assistant Secretary-General of the UN in New York and Executive Director of the UN Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (2007-2013)
Frej Fenniche – (Switzerland)
Former Chief of Asia, Pacific, Middle East and North Africa Branch (APMENAB) at the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, based in Geneva (2015-2017)
MENA Regional Representative of No Peace Without Justice
Prof. William A. Schabas – (Canada)
Chair of the UN Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict (2014-2015)
Member of the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2002-2004)
Chair of the Board of Trustees at the UN Voluntary Fund for Technical Cooperation in the Field of Human Rights (2009-2011)
President of the International Association of Genocide Scholars (2009-2011)
President of the Institute for International Criminal Investigation (2021-present)
Professor of international law at Middlesex University in London
Geoffrey Robertson AO QC – (Australia)
First President, UN Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL)
‘Distinguished jurist’ on the UN Internal Justice Council (2008-2012)
Founder and Head, Doughty Street Chambers
Author ‘Crimes Against Humanity,’ ‘Mullahs without Mercy’ and ‘The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988’
Prof. Sir Geoffrey Nice QC – (United Kingdom)
Lead prosecutor at the trial of Slobodan Milošević in The Hague
Prosecuted the case of Bosnian Croat Dario Kordić at the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), successfully prosecuted Goran Jelisić at the ICTY
Prof. Robert K. Goldman – (United States)
Former UN Independent Expert on the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism
President, International Commission of Jurists (ICJ)
Former President and member, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR)
Professor of Law & Louis C James Scholar, Washington College of Law, American University
Prof. Pierre d’Argent – (Belgium)
Professor, Law Faculty of the University of Louvain
Member, Institute of International Law (IIL)
Member, Brussels Bar
President, European Society of International Law (ESIL)
First Secretary of the International Court of Justice (2009-2011)
Dr. Mark Ellis – (United Kingdom)
Executive Director, International Bar Association (IBA)
Former Chair of the UN Advisory Panel on Matters Relating to Defence Counsel of the Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals
Sternford Moyo – (Zimbabwe)
President, International Bar Association (IBA)
Dr. Melanie O’Brien – (Australia)
Associate Professor of International Law, University of Western Australia
Klaus U. Rackwitz – (Germany)
Director, International Nuremberg Principles Academy, Nuremberg
Prof. Theo van Boven – (The Netherlands)
Former Director of the United Nations Division of Human Rights (1977-1982)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (2001-2004)
Prof. Manfred Nowak – (Austria)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (2004-2010)
Former member of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
Former Judge at the Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ms. Maud De Boer-Buquicchio – (The Netherlands)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Sale and Sexual Exploitation of Children (2014-2020)
Former Deputy Secretary General of the Council of Europe
Prof. Jean Ziegler – (Switzerland)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food (2000-2008)
Former Vice-President of the UN Human Rights Council Advisory Committee
Michel Forst – (France)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders (2014-2020)
Former UN Independent Expert on Haiti (2008-2013)
Dr. Dubravka Šimonovic – (Croatia)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women (2015-2021)
Former Chairperson of UN CEDAW
Chairperson of the UN Commission on the Status of Women (2001-2002)
Prof. Joseph A. Cannataci – (Malta)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Privacy (2015-2021)
Chair in European Information Policy & Technology Law
Co-Director, Security, Technology & e-Privacy (STeP) Research Group, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
Head of Department of Information Policy & Governance, University of Malta
Senior Fellow and Associate Researcher at the CNAM Security-Defense-Intelligence Department, Paris, France
Ms. Gabriela Knaul – (Brazil)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers (2009-2015)
Gulnara Shahinian – (Armenia)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery, Including Its Causes and Consequences (2008-2014)
Prof. Yakin Ertürk – (Turkey)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women (2003-2009)
Prof emeritus, Middle East Technical University, Ankara
Director of UN Division for the Advancement of Women (1999-2001)
Member, Council of Europe Committee on the Prevention of Torture (2009-2013)
Prof. François Crépeau – (Canada)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants (2011-2017)
Faculty of Law, McGill University
Prof. Heiner Bielefeldt – (Germany)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief (2010-2016)
Former Director, German Institute for Human Rights / Deutsche Institut für Menschenrechte (DIMR)
Prof. Urmila Bhoola – (South Africa)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery (2014-2020)
Dainius Pūras – (Lithuania)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health (2014-2020)
Director of the Human Rights Monitoring Institute / VŠĮ Žmogaus Teisių Stebėjimo Institutas
Prof. Okechukwu Ibeanu – (Nigeria)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Toxics and Human Rights (2004-2010)
Catarina de Albuquerque – (Portugal)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Human Right to Water and Sanitation (2008-2014)
Chair of the UN Working Group in charge of drafting an Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2004-2008)
Prof. John H. Knox – (United States)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment (2012-2018)
Henry C. Lauerman Professor of International Law, Wake Forest University School of Law
Prof. Fantu Cheru – (Ethiopia/United States)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Foreign Debt and Structural Adjustment
Emeritus Professor of International Political Economy at American University, Washington, DC
Prof. Léo Heller – (Brazil)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation (2014-2020)
Prof. Yanghee Lee – (South Korea)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (2014-2020)
Former Chair of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child
Prof. S. James Anaya – (United States)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Gabriela Rodríguez Pizarro – (Costa Rica)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants (1999-2005)
Anand Grover – (India)
Senior Advocate, Supreme Court of India
Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health (2008-2014)
Adjunct Professor, Georgetown Law Center, Georgetown University, Washington
Member, Global Commission on Drug Policy
Director, Lawyers Collective
Prof. Rashida Manjoo – (South Africa)
Former UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, its Causes and Consequences (2009-2015)
Emeritus Professor, University of Cape Town
Santiago Corcuera-Cabezut – (Mexico)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
Former Chair of the UN Committee against Enforced Disappearances
Former Chair of the Co-ordinating Committee of the Special Procedures of the UN Human Rights Council
Houria Esslami – (Morocco)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
Prof. Ariel E Dulitzky – (Argentina)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
Director of the Human Rights Clinic of the School of Law at University of Texas at Austin
Prof. Jeremy Sarkin – (South Africa)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
José Luis Gómez del Prado – (Spain)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on the Use of Mercenaries
Prof. Gabor Rona – (United States)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on the Use of Mercenaries
Former International Legal Director of Human Rights First
Professor of Practice at Cardozo Law School
Alda M. Facio – (Costa Rica)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Discrimination Against Women and Girls
Saeed Mokbil – (Yemen)
Former Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on the Use of Mercenaries
Prof. Alfred De Zayas – (United States)
Former UN Independent Expert on the Promotion of a Democratic and Equitable International Order (2012-2018)
Prof. Cephas Lumina – (Zambia)
United Nations Independent Expert on foreign debt and human rights (2008-2014)
Member of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (2017-2021)
Prof. Santiago A. Cantón – (Argentina)
Former Chair of the UN Commission of Inquiry on the 2018 protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
Former Executive Secretary of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR)
Former Director of RFK Partners for Human Rights at the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights
Director of the Peter D. Bell Rule of Law Program at the Inter-American Dialogue
Prof. Uldis Ķinis – (Latvia)
Ad Litem Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (2008-2011)
Justice and Vice-President of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Latvia (2007-2017)
Ad Melkert – (The Netherlands)
Former Special Representative for Iraq of the UN Secretary-General and Head of the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)
Former UN Under-Secretary-General and Associate Administrator of the UN Development Programme (UNDP)
Prof. Wolfgang Schomburg – (Germany)
Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (2001-2008)
Former Judge, UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
Marek Antoni Nowicki – (Poland)
Former President of the UN Human Rights Advisory Panel in Kosovo
Former UN-appointed International Ombudsperson in Kosovo (2000-2005)
Former Member of the European Commission of Human Rights (1993-1999)
Sonja Biserko – (Serbia)
Former Member of the UN Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights Violations in North Korea (DPRK)
Founder and President of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia
Prof. Giovanni Grasso – (Italy)
Former International Judge of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Former Judge of the Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Prof. Ken Scott – (United States)
Former member of the UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan
Former Special Prosecutor at the Special Tribunal for Lebanon
Former Senior Prosecutor at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (1998-2011)
Former Assistant US Attorney and Chief of the Complex Prosecutions Section in the prosecution office (1985-1997)
Prof. Eric David – (Belgium)
Former member of the UN-affiliated International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission (2006-2016)
International Public Law Professor. Em., Université Libre de Bruxelles
Prof. Andrzej Rzepliński – (Poland)
Member of the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (1994-2004)
Member of the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2004-2008)
President of the Constitutional Tribunal in Poland (2010-2016)
Member of the Advisory Board of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea (2013-present)
Graham Blewitt AM – (Australia)
Former Magistrate
Deputy Chief Prosecutor, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (1994-2004)
Prof. David M. Crane – (United States)
Founding Chief Prosecutor, UN Special Court for Sierra Leone
Founder, Global Accountability Network
Yoko Hayashi – (Japan)
Chairperson of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) (2015-2016)
Hans-Christof von Sponeck – (Germany)
Former UN Assistant Secretary-General and UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq
Curt Goering – (United States)
Head of the Gaza Office for the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (2009-2010)
Executive Director, Center for Victims of Torture (CVT) (2012-2021)
Former Chief Operating Officer, Amnesty International USA
Fellow, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard University
Ms. Apuk Hiljmnijeta – (Kosovo)
Winner, United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights for 2013
Director, Little People of Kosova
Member, Ad Hoc Committee of the UN General Assembly on drafting of the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Sir Nicholas Forwood QC – (United Kingdom)
Former Judge, General Court of the European Union (1999-2015)
Rt Hon. Sir David Edward – (United Kingdom)
Former Judge, European Court of Justice (1992-2004)
Professor Emeritus, University of Edinburgh
Prof. Valeriu M. Ciucă – (Romania)
Former Judge, General Court of the European Union (2007-2010)
Prof. Josef Azizi – (Austria)
Former Judge, General Court of the European Union (1995-2013)
Prof. Rui Manuel Gens Moura Ramos – (Portugal)
Former Judge of the General Court of the European Union (1995-2003)
Former President of the Constitutional Court of Portugal (2007-2012)
Prof. Vilenas Vadapalas – (Lithuania)
Former Judge, General Court of the European Union (2004-2013)
Prof. Sir Francis Jacobs QC – (United Kingdom)
Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Communities (1988-2006)
President of the European Law Institute (ELI) (2011-2013)
President of the Centre of European Law at King’s College London
President of the United Kingdom Association for European Law (to 2014)
President of the UNIDROIT Administrative Tribunal
Governor of the British Institute of Human Rights
Prof. Miguel Poiares Maduro – (Portugal)
Advocate General, European Court of Justice (2003-2009)
Professor, Director of the Global Governance Programme, European University Institute (2009-present)
Eleanor Sharpston QC – (United Kingdom)
Advocate General at the Court of Justice of the European Union (2006-2020)
Prof. Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen – (France)
Former President of the Constitutional Court of Andorra (2014-2016)
Professor of Law at the Sorbonne Law School (Universite de Paris 1)
Dr. Maude Barlow – (Canada)
Former Senior Advisor on Water to the President of the United Nations General Assembly
Former Chairperson of the Council of Canadians
Reed Brody – (United States)
Member, International Commission of Jurists
Former Deputy Chief of the UN Secretary-General’s Investigative Team in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Former Director of the Human Rights Division of the UN Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)
Prof. Fannie Lafontaine – (Canada)
Professor, Faculty of Law, Université Laval
Canada Research Chair in International Criminal Justice and Human Rights, Université Laval
Special Adviser and Human Rights Officer, Executive Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (2005-2006)
Human Rights Officer and Special Assistant to the President of the UN International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur (2004-2005)
Project Director, Canadian Partnership for International Justice
Co-Director, International Criminal and Humanitarian Law Clinic (ICHLC), Université Laval
Prof. Eleonora Zielińska – (Poland)
Professor of Criminal Law, Faculty of law and Administration, Warsaw University
Member of the UN Working Group on discrimination against women in law and practice (2010-2017)
Kate Mackintosh – (United Kingdom)
Executive Director, Promise Institute for Human Rights, UCLA School of Law
Deputy Registrar, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (2012-2017)
Prof. Stephen P. Marks – (United States)
Chair, High-Level Task Force on the Implementation of the Right to Development, UN Human Rights Council (2005-2010)
Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Professor of Health and Human Rights, Harvard University
Director, Program on Human Rights in Development (PHRD), Harvard University
Prof. Anna Wyrozumska – (Poland)
Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz
Former Judge Ad hoc, European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
Patrick Burgess – (Australia)
President, Asia Justice and Rights (AJAR)
former Director of Human Rights, UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations (UN DPKO) Peacekeeping missions to Timor Leste
Former Senior Member, Australian Refugee Tribunal
Sara Hossain – (Bangladesh)
Former member, UN Commission of Inquiry on the 2018 protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
Former Member, UN Group of Independent Experts on Accountability in DPRK
Advocate, Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Tahar Boumedra – (United Kingdom)
Justice for the Victims of the 1988 Massacre in Iran (JVMI)
Former Chief of UNAMI Human Rights Office and Representative of the HCHR in Iraq
Dr. Susan L. Bissell – (Canada)
Former Associate Director and Chief of Child Protection for UNICEF (2009-2015)
Founding Director of Global Partnership to End Violence Against Children
Visiting Scholar and FXB Fellow at Harvard University
Charles A. Adeogun-Phillips – (United Kingdom & Nigeria)
Former lead prosecutor in 12 precedent-setting genocide trials before the UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda between 1998 and 2010
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Contributor, International Criminal Investigations: Law and Practice, 2017
Mikołaj Pietrzak – (Poland)
Former Chair of the Board of Trustees of the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture
Dean of the Warsaw Bar Association
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Clair Duffy – (Australia)
Former Prosecution Appeals Counsel, UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
Prof. Irwin Cotler – (Canada)
Former Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
Founder and Chair of the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights
Emeritus Professor of Law McGill University
Maria Candida Almeida – (Portugal)
Former Deputy Attorney General at the Supreme Court of Justice
Member of the Advisory Board of the General Attorney’s Office
Director of the Central Department of Criminal Investigation
Deputy Director of the Center for Judicial Studies
Current President of the General Assembly of the Portuguese Association of Jurist Women
Amb. François Zimeray – (France)
French Human Rights Ambassador-at-large (2008-2013)
Member of the European Parliament (1999-2004)
Ambassador to the Kingdom of Denmark (2013-2018)
Baroness Boothroyd – (United Kingdom)
Former Speaker of the House of Commons
Lord Neil Kinnock – (United Kingdom)
Vice President of the European Commission (1999-2004)
Member of the House of Lords
Prof. Timothy J. Christian QC – (Canada)
Chief Federal Negotiator of the Government of Canada (1996–2010) and Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Alberta (1985-1995)
Amb. Ken Blackwell – (United States)
Former US Ambassador to the UN Commission on Human Rights
Prof. Brice Dickson – (United Kingdom)
Professor of International and Comparative Law, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Chief Commissioner of the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (1999-2005)
Claude Nicati – (Switzerland)
Deputy Prosecutor General of Switzerland (2001-2009)
Former President of the Government of the State of Neuchâtel (Switzerland)
Former investigating judge, Neuchâtel
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Brig. Gen. Richard M. O’Meara – (United States)
Lecturer, School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Director, Division of Global Affairs, Rutgers University (2016-2018)
Advisor, The Peace Boat (Academic Committee, UN affiliated international educational institution) (2018-)
Faculty Associate, Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights, Rutgers University
Brigadier General, US Army (ret.)
Assistant to the Judge Advocate General for Operations, Washington DC (1996-2000)
Baroness Verma – (United Kingdom)
Member of the House of Lords
Former UK Energy & Climate Change Minister and former International Development Minister
Ellen Samyn – (Belgium)
Member of Parliament, Vice President of the Parliament’s Foreign Affairs Committee
Senator Leo Housakos – (Canada)
Senator from Canada, former Speaker of the Senate of Canada (2015)
Lord Alton of Liverpool – (United Kingdom)
Member of the House of Lords
Rt. Hon. David Jones MP – (United Kingdom)
Member of Parliament
Former UK Secretary of State for Wales
Bob Blackman MP – (United Kingdom)
Member of Parliament
Steve McCabe MP – (United Kingdom)
Member of Parliament
Milan Zver MEP – (Slovenia)
Member of the European Parliament from Slovenia
Emanuelis Zingeris – (Lithuania)
Member of Parliament
Head, Seimas Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
Rep. Patrick Kennedy – (United States)
Former Member of the US House of Representatives
Hon. David Kilgour – (Canada)
Former Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (1994-1997)
Former Canadian Secretary of State for Latin America & Africa (1997-2002)
Former Secretary of State for Asia-Pacific (2002-2003)
The Hon. Tony Clement PC – (Canada)
Former Member of Parliament from Canada
Former Canadian Minister of Industry, Minister of Health and President of the Treasury Board
Prof. Paul R. Milgrom – (United States)
2020 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences
Prof. Barry C. Barish – (United States)
2017 Nobel Laureate in Physics
Prof. Joachim Frank – (United States)
2017 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Sir Fraser Stoddart – (United States)
2016 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Jean-Pierre Sauvage – (France)
2016 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Oliver Hart – (United States)
2016 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences
Prof. David Wineland – (United States)
2012 Nobel Laureate in Physics
Dr. John C. Mather – (United States)
2006 Nobel Laureate in Physics
Senior Project Scientist, James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
Prof. Roger Kornberg – (United States)
2006 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. John L. Hall – (United States)
2005 Nobel Laureate in Physics
Elfriede Jelinek – (Austria)
2004 Nobel Laureate in Literature
Prof. Finn E. Kydland – (Norway)
2004 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences
Sir Richard J. Roberts Ph.D. F.R.S. – (United Kingdom)
1993 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine
Prof. Elias J. Corey – (United States)
1990 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. John Polanyi – (Canada)
1986 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Dudley R. Herschbach – (United States)
1986 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Roald Hoffmann – (United States)
1981 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Prof. Sheldon Glashow – (United States)
1979 Nobel Laureate in Physics
Dr. Juan E. Garcés – (Spain)
Spanish lawyer and former advisor to Chilean President Salvador Allende
Winner of the 1999 Right Livelihood Award (Sweden)
Director of “Garcés y Prada Abogados”, Madrid
President of the Spanish Foundation “President Allende”
Ingrid Betancourt – (Colombia)
Former Senator and Presidential candidate
Rev. Dr. William F. Schulz – (United States)
Former Executive Director, Amnesty International USA (1994-2006)
President Emeritus, Unitarian Universalist Service Committee
Senior Fellow, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard Kennedy School
Prof. Herman Schwartz – (United States)
Professor of Law Emeritus at American University Washington College of Law
Prof. Michael A. Newton – (United States)
Professor of the Practice of Law, Vanderbilt University Law School
Senior Adviser to the Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues in the US State Department (1999-2002)
US representative on the UN Planning Mission for the Sierra Leone Special Court (2002)
Expert Adviser to the UN Regional Center for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (UNLIREC) (2013-2014)
Dr. Frank Chalk – (Canada)
Professor of History and Founding Co-director, The Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies, Concordia University
President, the Association of Genocide Scholars (1999-2001)
Prof. Ben Kiernan – (United States)
A. Whitney Griswold Professor of History, Yale University
Professor of International & Area Studies, MacMillan Center
Founding Director of the Cambodian Genocide Program (1994-1999)
Founding Director of the Genocide Studies Program (1998-2015) at Yale University
Convenor of the Yale East Timor Project (2000-2002)
Prof. David J. Simon – (United States)
Director, Genocide Studies Program at Yale University
Kyle Matthews – (Canada)
Executive Director of the Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (MIGS) at Concordia University
Prof. Debórah Dwork – (United States)
Director, Center for the Study of the Holocaust, Genocide, and Crimes Against Humanity at The Graduate Center—City University of New York (CUNY)
Dr. Maxim Pensky – (United States)
Co-director of the Institute for Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention (I-GMAP), Binghamton University, NY
Dr. Nadia Rubaii – (United States)
Co-director of the Institute for Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention (I-GMAP), Binghamton University, NY
Prof. Manus I. Midlarsky – (United States)
Director, Center for the Study of Mass Violence (CSMV), Rutgers University
Moses and Annuta Back Professor of International Peace and Conflict Resolution, Department of Political Science, Rutgers University
Dr. Victoria Sanford – (United States)
Founding Director, Center for Human Rights & Peace Studies at Lehman College-City University of New York (CUNI)
Lehman Professor of Excellence, 2021-2024
Dr. Eli L. Karetny – (United States)
Deputy Director, Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies, at The Graduate Center—City University of New York (CUNY)
Prof. Daniel Eduardo Feierstein – (Argentina)
Director, Center for Genocide Studies – Centro de Estudios sobre Genocidio (CEG), National University of Tres de Febrero (UNTREF)
President, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) (2013-2015)
Professor at the University of Buenos Aires and Scholar at CONICET
Dr. Joanna R. Quinn – (Canada)
Founding Director of the Centre for Transitional Justice and Post-Conflict Reconstruction (TJ Centre), Western University
Prof. Valerie Oosterveld – (Canada)
Associate Director, Centre for Transitional Justice and Post-Conflict Reconstruction (TJ Centre), Western University
Professor, Faculty of Law, Western University
Dr. Mehnaz Afridi – (United States)
Director of the Holocaust, Genocide, and Interfaith Education Center, Manhattan College
Prof. Eyal Benvenisti – (Israel)
Director of the Lauterpacht Centre of International Law
Whewell Professor of International Law, University of Cambridge
Prof. Michael J. Kelly – (United States)
Senator Allen A. Sekt Endowed Chair in Law, Creighton University
Director, Nuremberg International Criminal Law Study Abroad Program, Creighton University School of Law
Gerald Staberock – (Germany)
Secretary General of World Organization Against Torture (OMCT)
Baroness Helena Kennedy QC – (United Kingdom)
Member of the House of Lords
President, JUSTICE
Chair, British Council (1998-2004)
Andreas Bummel – (Germany)
Executive Director, Democracy Without Borders
Uriel Epshtein – (United States)
Executive Director, Renew Democracy Initiative (RDI)
Dominique Attias – (France)
President, European Bars Federation / Fédération des Barreaux d’Europe (FBE)
Ezechia Paolo Reale – (Italy)
Secretary General, The Siracusa International Institute for Criminal Justice and Human Rights
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Carmen K. Cheung – (United States)
Executive Director, Center for Justice & Accountability (CJA)
Dr. William H. Wiley – (Canada)
Executive Director, Commission for International Justice and Accountability (CIJA)
Sandra M. Coyle – (United States)
Consulting Executive Director of World Federalist Movement/Institute for Global Policy (WFM/IGP)
Dr. György Tatár – (Hungary)
Director, Budapest Centre for Mass Atrocities Prevention (BCMAP)
Head of EU Task Force for Conflict Prevention/Emerging Horizontal Security Issues (2004-2010)
Dr. Ranjana Kumari – (India)
Director, Centre for Social Research (CSR)
Former Member, Task Force on Industrial Relations, International Labour Organization (ILO)
Pierre Bercis – (France)
President, Nouveaux Droits de l’Homme (NDH)
Rafael Uzcategui – (Venezuela)
General Coordinator, Programa Venezolano de Educación-Acción en Derechos Humanos (Venezuelan Program for Education and Action on Human Rights) (Provea)
Dr. Elisa von Joeden-Forgey – (United States)
Endowed Chair, Department of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Keene State College
Co-Founder and Co-President, Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention
Academic Board Member, Zoryan Institute
Former President, Genocide Watch
Former First Vice President, International Association of Genocide Scholars
Irene Victoria Massimino – (Argentina)
Former High Criminal Court Rapporteur of Buenos Aires, Argentina (2016-2020)
Former Co-Secretary-Treasurer of the International Association of Genocide Scholars (2015-2017)
Member of the Resolutions Committee of the IAGS (2017-Present)
Co-President of the Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention
Professor of Jurisprudence and Human Rights
Ivana Žanić – (Serbia)
Executive Director, Humanitarian Law Center – Fond za humanitarno pravo
Dr. Bob Flax – (United States)
Executive Director, Citizens for Global Solutions
Toby Cadman – (United Kingdom)
Co-founder of Guernica 37 International Justice Chambers
Gilbert Mitterrand – (France)
President, France Libertés – Fondation Danielle Mitterrand
Antonio Stango – (Italy)
President, Italian Federation for Human Rights (FIDU)
Prof. Stefan Braum – (Luxembourg)
Professor of European Criminal Law and former Dean of the Faculty of Law, Economics and Finance of the University of Luxembourg
Prof. Alexander Bellamy – (Australia)
Centre Director, Asia-Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect (APR2P)
Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Queensland
Akila Radhakrishnan – (United States)
President, Global Justice Center
Professor Errol P. Mendes – (Canada)
President, International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), Canadian Section
Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa
Latest Book: Peace and Justice at the International Criminal Court, 2020
Dr. Cheryl Lawther – (United Kingdom)
Director, Human Rights Centre, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Senior Lecturer, School of Law, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Igor Bandović – (Serbia)
Director, Belgrade Center for Security Policy (BCSP)
Prof. James Silk – (United States)
Binger Clinical Professor of Human Rights, Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic, Yale Law School
Director, Orville H. Schell, Jr. Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law School
Dr. H. Peter Langille – (Canada)
Director, Sustainable Common Security
Elizabeth Silkes – (United States)
Executive Director, International Coalition of Sites of Conscience (ICSC)
Prof. Alejandro Baer – (United States)
Stephen C. Feinstein Chair and Director of the Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies (CHGS)
Professor, Department of Sociology at the University of Minnesota
Prof. Predrag Dojčinović – (United States)
Adjunct Professor and Research Affiliate at the Human Rights Institute at the University of Connecticut
War Crimes expert at the Office of the Prosecutor at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) (1998-2017)
Almudena Bernabeu – (Spain)
Executive Director, Guernica Centre for International Justice
Dr. Dwayne Ryan Menezes – (United Kingdom)
Founder and Managing Director, Human Security Centre (HSC)
Prof. Hope R. Metcalf – (United States)
Executive Director, Schell Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law School
Dr. Ellen J. Kennedy – (United States)
Executive Director, World Without Genocide
Dr. Kamal Sido – (Germany)
Society for Threatened Peoples (STP) / Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker (GfbV)
Prof. Eric Stover – (United States)
Faculty Director, Human Rights Center, School of Law, University of California, Berkeley
Nelson Camilo Sánchez – (Colombia)
Director, Center for International and Comparative Law at the University of Virginia, School of Law
Dr. Élise Le Gall – (France)
President, French Association for the Promotion of Universal Jurisdiction – Association Française pour la Promotion de la Compétence Universelle (AFPCU)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Susana SáCouto – (United States)
Director, War Crimes Research Office (WCRO), American University Washington College of Law (AUWCL)
Maxine Marcus – (Germany / United States)
Director and Co-Founder, Partners in Justice International (PJI)
Former Legal and SGBV Advisor to the OHCHR Fact Finding Mission for Sri Lanka, the UN Secretary General’s CAR Independent Review Panel, and the UN Commission of Inquiry for Guinea
Former Trial Attorney ICTY and Investigator SCSL
Lindsay Freeman – (United States)
Law and Policy Director of the Technology and Human Rights Program, Human Rights Center, University of California, Berkeley School of Law
Dr. Mabel Bianco – (Argentina)
President of Foundation for Studies and Research on Women – Fundacion Para Estudio e Investigacion De la Mujer (FEIM)
Co-Chair of the UN-affiliated Major Groups and other Stakeholders High-Level Political Forum Coordination Mechanism (MGoS HLPF CM)
Dr. L. Kathleen Roberts – (United States)
Co-Founder and Co-Director, Partners in Justice International (PJI)
former Legal Director, Center for Justice & Accountability (CJA)
Prof. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch – (Norway)
Regius Professor of Political Science, Department of Government, University of Essex
Director, Michael Nicholson Centre for Conflict and Cooperation, University of Essex
Research Associate, International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO)
Prof. Stephen Eric Bronner – (United States)
Co-Director, International Council for Diplomacy and Dialogue (ICDD)
Board of Governors Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Political Science, Rutgers University
Affiliate Distinguished Fellow, Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights (CGHR), Rutgers University
Prof. Eric Heinze – (United Kingdom)
Executive Director, Centre for Law, Democracy, and Society (CLDS), Queen Mary University of London
Professor of Law & Humanities, School of Law, Queen Mary University of London
Dr. Chris Mahony – (New Zealand)
CEO, Peloria
Former United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Transitional Justice Global Focal Point
Former Senior Political Economy Specialist, World Bank
Cynthia Tai – (United States)
Executive Director and Founder, Project Expedite Justice (PEJ)
Former Senior Investigator and Senior Trial Lawyer at the ICC
Pro tem Judge in the State of Hawaii
Prof. Benjamin E. Goldsmith – (Australia)
Professor at the Australian National University (ANU)
Scholar in genocide and mass atrocities
Prof. Elazar Barkan – (United States)
Director, Institute for the Study of Human Rights, Columbia University
Director, School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA) Human Rights Concentration
Professor of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University
Yevgeniy Zhovtis – (Kazakhstan)
Director, Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR)
Board Member, International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI)
Serena Oberstein – (United States)
Executive Director, Jewish World Watch
Samuel Munderere – (United Kingdom)
Chief Executive, Survivors Fund (SURF)
Ms. Binalakshmi Nepram – (India)
Founder-Director, Manipur Women Gun Survivors Network/CAFI
Convenor, Northeast India Women Initiative for Peace
Founder, Global Alliance of Indigenous Peoples, Gender Justice and Peace
Fellow, CARR Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard Kennedy School
Tali Nates – (South Africa)
Founder and Executive Director, Johannesburg Holocaust and Genocide Center
Dr. Adam Muller – (Canada)
Director, Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Manitoba
Vincent Asselineau – (France)
Chair, European Criminal Bar Association (ECBA)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Jerry P. White – (Canada)
Professor Emeritus, Sociology, Western University
Director, Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium
Prof. Robin Kirk – (United States)
Faculty Co-Director, Duke Human Rights Center
Professor of Cultural Anthropology, Duke University
Lorraine Smith Van Lin – (Jamaica)
Executive Director, Tallawah Justice for Women
consultant on international law and human rights
Former Prosecutor and Resident Magistrate
Prof. Jennifer Wright Knust – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Religious Studies, Duke University
Director, Elizabeth A. Clark Center for Late Ancient Studies
Co-Director, Franklin Humanities Institute Manuscript Migration Lab
Dr. Paulo Ilich Bacca – (Colombia)
Director of the Ethnic and Racial Justice Area, Dejusticia
Lecturer in Legal Theory, Javeriana University
Prof. Tom Ginsburg – (United States)
Faculty Board Co-Chair, Pozen Family Center for Human Rights, University of Chicago
Professor of International Law, University of Chicago
Nana-Jo N’Dow – (Gambia)
Founder and Executive Director, African Network against Extrajudicial Killings and Enforced Disappearances (ANEKED)
Prof. Laurel E. Fletcher – (United States)
Chancellor’s Clinical Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley
Co-Director, International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC), University of California, Berkeley
Mélanie Sonhaye-Kombate – (Togo)
Executive Director, West Africa Human Rights Defenders Network (WAHRDN / ROADDH)
Dr. Fabián O. Raimondo – (Argentina)
Associate Professor of Public International Law, Maastricht University
Executive Director, Maastricht Blog on Transitional Justice (www.transitionaljustice.net)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Richard C. Dieter, J.D. – (United States)
Former Executive Director of the Death Penalty Information Center
Adjunct Professor of Law at the Catholic University of America
R. Bruce McColm – (United States)
President, Institute for Democratic Strategies
Former Executive Director, Freedom House
Rabbi Abraham Cooper – (United States)
Associate Dean, Simon Wiesenthal Center
Sergio D’Elia – (Italy)
Secretary General, Hands Off Cain
Prof. Lisa Forman – (Canada)
Canada Research Chair in Human Rights and Global Health Equity, Associate Professor and Interim Director of PhD Program at the Social and Behavioural Health Sciences Division of the Dalla Lana School of Public Health of the University of Toronto
Prof. Nela Navarro – (United States)
Associate Director, Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights (CGHR), Rutgers University
Associate Director, Rutgers English Language Institute (RELI)
Alastair Logan OBE, LL.B – (United Kingdom)
Council Member of The Law Society of England and Wales
Chair, Solicitors International Human Rights Group
Prof. Ben Saul – (Australia)
Challis Chair of International Law, University of Sydney
Prof. Susan Benesch – (United States)
Faculty Associate, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, Harvard University
Founding Director, Dangerous Speech Project
Hans Noot – (The Netherlands)
Director, Gerard Noodt Foundation for Freedom of Religion or Belief
Prof. Angana Chatterji – (United States)
Co-chair, Initiative on Political Conflict, Gender and People’s Rights, Center for Race and Gender, University of California, Berkeley
Dr. Surabhi Ranganathan – (United Kingdom)
Co-Acting Director, Lauterpacht Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge
Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, King’s College, University of Cambridge
Prof. Stephen Gardbaum – (United States)
Stephen Yeazell Endowed Chair in Law
Faculty Director, Promise Institute for Human Rights, UCLA School of Law
Prof. Damien Short – (United Kingdom)
Co-Director, Human Rights Consortium (HRC)
Professor of Human Rights and Environmental Justice, School of Advanced Study, University of London
Academic contributor, UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2011)
Habib Nassar – (The Netherlands)
Director of Policy and Research, Impunity Watch
Former Senior Transitional Justice Advisor/Human Rights Officer, OHCHR
Prof. Alexander Alvarez – (United States)
Professor, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Northern Arizona University
Founding Director of the Martin-Springer Institute for Teaching the Holocaust, Tolerance, and Humanitarian Values
Prof. James Scott – (United States)
Sterling Professor of Political Science
Director, Agrarian Studies Program
Professor of Anthropology, Yale University
Prof. Darryl Robinson – (Canada)
Professor of international criminal law, Faculty of Law, Queen’s University
Legal Officer at Foreign Affairs Canada (1997-2004)
Adviser to the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) (2004-2006)
Former Director of the International Human Rights Clinic at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law
Prof. Roger S. Clark – (New Zealand)
Board of Governors Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School
Member, UN Committee on Crime Prevention and Control (1987-1990)
Prof. David S. Law – (United States)
Professor of Law, University of Virginia
Former Consultant, Office of the Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on Yemen
Dr. Sejal Parmar – (United Kingdom)
Lecturer, School of Law, University of Sheffield
Former Consultant, UN Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect
Prof. Claudia M. Flores – (United States)
Clinical Professor of Law, University of Chicago
Former Senior Advisor on Gender and the Constitution for the UN Development Program (UNDP) in Zimbabwe
Former Legal Advisor for UN Women in East Timor
Susan Lee Kemp – (United Kingdom)
Member, International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute Council
former Commissioner, Scottish Human Rights Commission (SHRC)
Judge Tom C. Rawlings – (United States)
Former Director of the Georgia Division of Family and Children Services
Former Judge of the US Juvenile Courts
Diana Constantinide – (Cyprus)
Barrister specialising in international criminal law and human rights, 33 Bedford Row, London
Member, International Criminal Court Bar Association (ICCBA) Counsel Support Staff Committee
Dr. Victor Tsilonis – (Greece)
Alternate Member, ICC Disciplinary Board (2018-2022)
Greece’s 2020 ICC Judicial Nominee
Vice-President for Victims of the International Criminal Court Bar Association (ICCBA)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Dr. Andrew Woolford – (Canada)
Former President, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
William Bourdon – (France)
International human rights lawyer
Founder of SHERPA
President of PPLAAF
Eric Sottas – (Switzerland)
Founder and former Secretary General of Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture – World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)
Peter Haynes QC – (United Kingdom)
President, International Criminal Court Bar Association (ICCBA) (2019-2021)
Prof. Steven M. Schneebaum – (United States)
International Law and Organizations Program, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), The Johns Hopkins University
Elisabetta Zamparutti – (Italy)
Co-founder and Treasurer of Hands Off Cain
Former Member of Parliament
Prof. Sara Chandler QC – (United Kingdom)
Council Member of the Law Society of England & Wales
Former Chair of the Law Society’s Human Rights Committee
Former President of the European Bars Federation (Fédération des Barreaux d’Europe – FBE)
Kirsty Brimelow QC – (United Kingdom)
Vice Chair of Criminal Bar Association of England and Wales
Barrister at Doughty Street Chambers
Former Chair of Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales (BHRC)
Princess Nwabueze Nwokolo – (Nigeria)
Council Member, The Law Society of England and Wales (TLS)
Chair, UK’s Black Solicitors Network (BSN)
Dr. Tara Van Ho – (United States)
Senior Lecturer, School of Law and Human Rights Centre, University of Essex
Amélie Lefebvre – (France)
Lawyer at the Paris Bar, Partner at Cabinet BOURDON & Associés
Prof. Kermit Roosevelt – (United States)
Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania Law School
Sir Ivan Lawrence QC – (United Kingdom)
Barrister
Former Recorder of the Crown Courts
Former Member of Parliament and Chairman of the House of Commons Home Affairs Select Committee
Co-Chairman, Cambridge International Symposium on Economic Crime
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Eduardo Salvador Barcesat – (Argentina)
Professor of Constitutional Law of Argentina, University of Buenos Aires (UBA)
Member of the Constitutional Assembly of Argentina (1994)
Prof. Yasushi Higashizawa – (Japan)
Professor, Faculty of Law, Meijigakuin University
Co-Chair, Human Rights Committee of the Law Association for Asia and the Pacific (LAWASIA)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Abbé Jolles – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Felicity Gerry QC – (United Kingdom)
Barrister, Crockett Chambers, Melbourne and Libertas Chambers, London
Professor of Legal Practice, Deakin University
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
James Wood QC – (United Kingdom)
Barrister at Doughty Street Chambers
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Jonathan Elystan Rees QC – (United Kingdom)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Diana Ellis QC – (United Kingdom)
Barrister, 25 Bedford Row
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Peter Carter QC – (United Kingdom)
Barrister at Doughty Street Chambers, London
Former Chair of Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales (BHRC)
Patron of Amicus
Hon. Dr. Jocelynne A. Scutt – (Australia)
Senior Fellow at the University of Buckingham
Former Anti-Discrimination Commissioner of Tasmania
Former Judge on the High Court of Fiji
Prof. Rebecca Cook – (Canada)
Professor Emerita, Faculty of Law at the University of Toronto
Prof. Max du Plessis – (South Africa)
Senior Counsel
Adjunct Professor at Nelson Mandela University
Senior Research Associate at Institute for Security Studies
Associate Tenant at Doughty Street Chambers of London
Brian Kennedy – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Dr. François Larocque – (Canada)
Professor, Research Chair in Language Rights, Faculty of Law, Common Law Section, University of Ottawa
Fellow 2021, Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation
Prof. Natasha Lindstaedt – (United Kingdom)
Faculty Dean of Education (Social Sciences UG), Department of Government, University of Essex
Prof. Lyndall Ryan – (Australia)
Emeritus Professor, University of Newcastle, Australia
Head of the School of Humanities, University of Newcastle (1999-2003)
Prof. Caroline I. Fournet – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Law, Law School, University of Exeter
Dr. James E. Waller – (United States)
Cohen Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Keene State College
Dr. David E. Pettigrew – (United States)
Professor of Philosophy, Southern Connecticut State University
Member, Steering Committee, Genocide Studies Program at Yale University
Board Member, Bosnian-American Genocide Institute and Education Center, Chicago, IL
Prof. Jay Winter – (United States)
Professor Emeritus at Yale University
Member, Steering Committee, Genocide Studies Program at Yale University
Prof. Maureen S. Hiebert – (Canada)
Associate Professor of Political Science and Graduate Program Director, Centre for Military, Security & Strategic Studies, University of Calgary
Genocide scholar
Author Constructions of Genocide and Mass Violence: Society, Crisis, Identity (Routledge Studies in Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, 2017)
Prof. Zachary D. Kaufman – (United States)
Associate Professor of Law and Political Science and Co-Director of the Criminal Justice Institute, University of Houston Law Center
Prof. Eve Zucker – (United States)
Lecturer at Yale University
Member, Steering Committee, Genocide Studies Program at Yale University
Prof. Hollie Nyseth Brehm – (United States)
Associate Professor of Sociology, Ohio State University (OSU)
Prof. Hilary Earl – (Canada)
Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Nipissing University
former Member of the Advisory Board, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
Prof. Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann – (Canada)
Professor Emerita, Wilfrid Laurier University
Canada Research Chair in International Human Rights (2003-2016)
Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Prof. Gabriel Gatti – (Spain)
Professor of Sociology, University of the Basque Country
Dr. Steven Leonard Jacobs – (United States)
Professor of Religious Studies and Emeritus Aronov Endowed Chair of Judaic Studies, University of Alabama
Former First Vice-President, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
Prof. Naomi Roht-Arriaza – (United States)
Albert Abramson Distinguished Professor of Law, University of California, Hastings Law
Author of The Pinochet Effect: Transnational Justice in the Age of Human Rights (2005) and Impunity and Human Rights in International Law and Practice (1995)
Prof. Ralf Michaels – (Germany)
Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law, and Queen Mary University London
Dr. Tatyana Eatwell – (United Kingdom)
Barrister, Doughty Street Chambers
Member of the Executive Committee of the Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales (BHRC)
Prof. Peter Romijn – (Netherlands)
Senior Researcher and Head of the Research Department, NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust, and Genocide Studies
Professor of History, University of Amsterdam
Prof. Geoffrey Dancy – (United States)
Assistant Professor of Political Science, Tulane University
Former director and current consultant for the Transitional Justice Research Collaborative (TJRC)
Prof. Rosa Ana Alija Fernández – (Spain)
Associate Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Barcelona
Prof. Michael Bazyler – (United States)
Professor of Law and The 1939 Society Scholar in Holocaust and Human Rights Studies, Fowler School of Law, Chapman University
Prof. Rory O’Connell – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Human Rights and Constitutional Law, Transitional Justice Institute (TJI) & School of Law, Ulster University
Prof. Bernie Hammond – (Canada)
Professor Emeritus, Social Justice and Peace Studies, King’s University College, Western University
Dr. Jared O. Bell – (United States)
Visiting Research Fellow, Centre for Transitional Justice and Post-Conflict Reconstruction (TJ Centre), Western University (Canada)
Dr. Ebba Lekvall – (United Kingdom)
Lecturer in Law, School of Law and Human Rights Centre, University of Essex
Prof. Kieran McEvoy – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Law and Transitional Justice, Queens University Belfast (QUB)
Dr. Anna Bryson – (United Kingdom)
Senior Lecturer in Law, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Chair of the Committee on the Administration of Justice and Fellow of the Senator George J. Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security and Justice, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Prof. Nicholas Grief – (United Kingdom)
Emeritus Professor of Law, University of Kent
Barrister, Doughty Street Chambers
Prof. Andrew James Harding – (Singapore)
Professor of Law, National University of Singapore (NUS)
Director, Centre for Asian Legal Studies, NUS (2012-2016)
Head of the School of Law, SOAS University of London (1996-1999)
Dr. Kerry Whigham – (United States)
Assistant Professor of Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention, Institute for Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention (I-GMAP), Binghamton University
Member, Executive Board, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
Prof. Vivek Krishnamurthy – (Canada/United States)
Samuelson-Glushko Professor of Law, University of Ottawa
Fellow, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard Kennedy School
Dr. Paul Slovic – (United States)
Professor of Psychology, University of Oregon
Board of Advisors, Genocide Watch (2014–present)
Board of Advisors, The Auschwitz Institute (2014–present)
Prof. Sévane Garibian – (Switzerland)
SNF Professor of Law, University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Adjunct Professor, University of Neuchâtel
Prof. Norman M. Naimark – (United States)
Professor of East European Studies, Stanford University
Senior Fellow of the Hoover Institution and of the Institute of International Studies
Prof. Ethel Brooks – (United States)
Associate Professor and Chair of Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Rutgers University
Member, US Holocaust Memorial Council (2015-2020)
Chair, European Roma Rights Centre (ERRC)
Prof. Daniel Goldstein – (United States)
Professor Emeritus in Anthropology, Rutgers University
Prof. Amanda Grzyb – (Canada)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Information and Media Studies, University of Western Ontario
Project Director, Surviving Memory in Postwar El Salvador, University of Western Ontario
Prof. Lawrence Hamilton – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Political Studies, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)
SA-UK Bilateral Research Chair in Political Theory, Wits and Cambridge University
Prof. Jeffrey Bachman – (United States)
Senior Professorial Lecturer, American University School of International Service
Prof. Alain Goldschläger – (Canada)
Former Chair, League for Human Right (Ontario)
Member, Canadian delegation to the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA)
Professor Emeritus, University of Western Ontario
Director, Holocaust Literature Research Institute (HLRI), Western University
Dr. Jennifer Leaning – (United States)
Former FXB Professor of the Practice of Health and Human Rights and former Director of the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard University
Senior Research Fellow at the FXB Center and Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Prof. J. Paul Martin – (United States)
Adjunct Professor and former Director of Human Rights Studies, Barnard College, Columbia University
Prof. Gerhard Kemp – (United Kingdom / South Africa)
Professor of Law, University of Derby
Extraordinary Professor of Public Law, Stellenbosch University
Prof. Karen Hulme – (United Kingdom)
Professor, School of Law, University of Essex
Prof. Johan D. van der Vyver – (South Africa)
I.T. Cohen Professor of International Law and Human Rights, Emory University School of Law
Prof. Fiona C. Ross – (South Africa)
Professor of Anthropology, University of Cape Town
Prof. Alexander Motyl – (United States)
Professor of Political Science, Rutgers University
Prof. Phil Scraton – (United Kingdom / Ireland)
Emeritus Professor, School of Law, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Founder member of Statewatch and of INQUEST: United Campaigns for Justices
Prof. Paul H. Wise – (United States)
Richard E. Behrman Professor of Child Health and Society, Stanford University
Prof. Sharry Aiken – (Canada)
Associate Professor & Academic Director, Graduate Diploma in Immigration & Citizenship Law, Faculty of Law, Queen’s University
Prof. Tozun Bahcheli – (Canada)
Emeritus Professor of Political Science, King’s University College, University of Western Ontario
Dr. Sara M.T. Polo – (United Kingdom)
Associate Professor, Department of Government, University of Essex
Prof. Karen Elizabeth Bishop – (United States)
Associate Professor of Spanish & Comparative Literature, Rutgers University
Director, Critical Translation Studies Initiative, Rutgers University
Prof. Pearl Eliadis – (Canada)
Law Office of Pearl Eliadis (practice in human rights)
Associate Professor (Professional), McGill University
Prof. René Provost – (Canada)
Professor of Law, McGill University
Founding Director of the McGill Centre for Human Rights and Legal Pluralism (2005-2010)
Fellow of the Pierre Elliot Trudeau Foundation
Prof. Geoff Gilbert – (United Kingdom)
Professor of International Human Rights & Humanitarian Law, School of Law and Human Rights Centre, University of Essex
Prof. Louise Mallinder – (United Kingdom)
Professor of Law, School of Law, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)
Dr. Tracy M. Lemos – (Canada)
Gerstein Distinguished Visiting Professor in Jewish Studies and Religion, University of Toronto
Professor of Hebrew Bible and Faculty Affiliate of the Centre for Transitional Justice and Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Western University
Dr. Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon – (Canada)
Distinguished Senior Fellow, Centre for Contemporary International History, University of Toronto
Professor Emerita, Department of Political Science, Western University
Senior Fellow, Massey College, University of Toronto
Prof. David Palumbo-Liu – (United States)
Louise Hewlett Nixon Professor, Stanford University
Prof. Alex Jeffrey – (United Kingdom)
Fellow, Emmanuel College
Professor of Human Geography, University of Cambridge
Prof. Haun Saussy – (United States)
Professor, University of Chicago
Prof. Bruce Robbins – (United States)
Old Dominion Foundation Professor in the Humanities, Columbia University
Prof. Timothy Williams – (Germany)
Junior Professor of Insecurity and Social Order, Universität der Bundeswehr München (Germany)
2nd Vice President, International Association of Genocide Studies (IAGS)
Dr. Mark Kersten – (Canada)
Senior Researcher, Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, University of Toronto
Consultant, Wayamo Foundation
Dr. Harry Hobbs – (Australia)
Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of Technology Sydney (UTS)
Dr. Luke Moffett – (United Kingdom)
Senior Lecturer, School of Law, Queen’s University Belfast
Director, Human Rights Centre, Queen’s University Belfast (2015-2020)
Principal Investigator on the project Reparations, Responsibility & Victimhood in Transitional Societies
Prof. Timothy Patrick McCarthy – (United States)
Lecturer on Education, Harvard University
Faculty Affiliate at the Center for Public Leadership and Carr Center for Human Rights Policy
Prof. Caroline Bennett – (New Zealand)
Associate Research Fellow, Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Advisory Board Member, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
Dr. Adam Kochanski – (Canada)
Research Affiliate, Centre for International Peace and Security Studies, McGill University
Dr. Katerina Hatzikidi – (United Kingdom)
Postdoctoral Researcher, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (Germany)
Research Affiliate, Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Oxford
Associate Fellow, Centre for Latin American and Caribbean Studies, University of London
David Matas – (Canada)
Human rights lawyer and Co-Founder of International Coalition To End Transplant Abuse In China
Dr. Larry Diamond – (United States)
Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution
Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI), Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law (CDDRL), Stanford University
Dr. Paula J. Meth – (United Kingdom)
Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of Sheffield
Dr. Gloria Yayra A. Ayee – (United States)
Lecturer, Harvard University
Faculty Associate, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard Kennedy School
Prof. Flynn Coleman – (United States)
Technology & Human Rights Fellow, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard Kennedy School
Peter Weiss – (United States)
Former Vice-President, Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR)
Prof. Francis Fukuyama – (United States)
Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow, Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law, Stanford University
Director, Ford Dorsey Masters in International Policy, Freeman Spogli Institute for Intl Studies, Stanford University
Dr. Sascha Nanlohy – (Australia)
Member, Executive Board, International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS)
Dr. Cara Levey – (Ireland)
Lecturer, University College Cork (UCC)
Lyma Nguyen – (Australia)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Achille Campagna – (San Marino)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Adam M. VanHo – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Amos Waldman – (United Kingdom)
Barrister at Doughty Street Chambers
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Casimiro Mastino – (Italy)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Christopher Leibig – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Dr. James Mehigan – (Ireland / United States)
Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Canterbury
Barrister, Garden Court Chambers
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Dr. Smadar Ben-Natan – (Israel)
University of Washington, Seattle
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Elisabeth Rabesandratana – (France)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Geoffrey Philip Roberts – (United Kingdom)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Greg Boos – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Harald von Seefried – (Germany / Switzerland)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
James MacGuill – (Ireland)
Former President of the Law Society of Ireland (2007-2008)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Jean Flamme – (Belgium)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Member, Defence Committee of the International Criminal Court Bar Association (ICCBA)
Former Deputy Judge at the Tribunal of Commerce of Gent (Belgium)
Former Secretary-General of Avocats sans Frontières Belgium and of International Criminal Bar (ICB)
Jean-Pierre Kilenda Kakengi Basila – (Belgium)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Jessica Finelle – (France)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
John Stokes – (United Kingdom)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
John Traversi – (United Kingdom)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Kurt Kerns – (United States)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Max Mailliet – (Luxembourg)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Pascal Vanderveeren – (Belgium)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
President of the Brussels Bar (1998-2000)
Prof. Juan Carlos Manriquez – (Chile)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Professor of Criminal Law, Criminal Proceedings and International Criminal Law
Prof. Liesbeth Zegveld – (The Netherlands)
Professor of War Reparations, Amsterdam Center for International Law (ACIL), University of Amsterdam
Founder, Nuhanovic Foundation
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Rachel Lindon – (France)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Roberto Durrieu – (Argentina)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Silke Studzinsky – (Germany)
Former International Civil Party Lawyer at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Thom Dyke – (United Kingdom)
Barrister at 9 Gough Chambers
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Višnja Drenški Lasan – (Croatia)
Member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prof. Theresia Degener – (Germany)
Former Chairperson, UN Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
Director of Bochum Center for Disability Studies (BODYS)
Co-signatory academic institutions and NGOs:
Justice for the Victims of the 1988 Massacre in Iran (JVMI) – (United Kingdom)
International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ) – (United States)
World Organisation Against Torture – Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture (OMCT) – (Switzerland)
The Center for Justice & Accountability (CJA) – (United States)
Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (MIGS) – Concordia University – (Canada)
Center for the Study of the Holocaust, Genocide, and Crimes Against Humanity, The Graduate Center—City University of New York (CUNY) – (United States)
Institute for Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention (I-GMAP) at Binghamton University, NY – (United States)
Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic, Yale Law School – (United States)
Center for the Study of Mass Violence (CSMV), Rutgers University – (United States)
Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights – (Canada)
Human Rights Foundation – (United States)
CIVICUS – (South Africa)
World Federalist Movement/Institute for Global Policy (WFM/IGP) – (United States)
Avocats Sans Frontières France (ASF France) – (France)
Renew Democracy Initiative (RDI) – (United States)
The Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention – (United States & Argentina)
Guernica 37 Chambers – (United Kingdom)
Partners in Justice International (PJI) – (United States)
Budapest Centre for Mass Atrocities Prevention (BCMAP) – (Hungary)
Project Expedite Justice (PEJ) – (United States)
French Association for the Promotion of Universal Jurisdiction – Association Française pour la Promotion de la Compétence Universelle (AFPCU) – (France)
Global Justice Center – (United States)
African Network against Extrajudicial Killings and Enforced Disappearances (ANEKED) – (Gambia)
Human Rights Without Frontiers (HRWF) – (Belgium)
Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR) – (Kazakhstan)
Nouveaux Droits de l’Homme (NDH) – (France)
Italian Federation for Human Rights – Federazione Italiana Diritti Umani (FIDU) – (Italy)
Center for Civil Liberties (CCL) – (Ukraine)
Association of World Citizens – (United States)
Venezuelan Program for Education and Action on Human Rights (Provea) – Programa Venezolano de Educación- Acción en Derechos Humanos – (Venezuela)
Hands Off Cain – (Italy)
Edmund Rice Centre – (Australia)
France Libertés – Fondation Danielle Mitterrand – (France)
World Without Genocide – (United States)
West African Human Rights Defenders Network / Réseau Ouest Africain des Défenseurs des Droits Humains (WAHRDN/ROADDH) – (Togo)
Jacob Blaustein Institute for the Advancement of Human Rights (JBI) – (United States)
Humanitarian Law Center – Fond za humanitarno pravo – (Serbia)
Le Comité de soutien aux droits de l’homme en Iran (CSDHI) – (France)
Survivors Fund (SURF) – (United Kingdom & Rwanda)
The International Coalition of Sites of Conscience (ICSC) – (United States)
Belgrade Center for Security Policy (BCSP) – (Serbia)
Women’s Human Rights International Association (WHRIA) – (France)
German Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (GCADP) – (Germany)
Pax Christi Australia – (Australia)
Widows for Peace through Democracy (WPD) – (United Kingdom)
Witness to Innocence – (United States)
“Vereinigung 17. Juni 1953” – (Germany)
Jewish World Watch – (United States)
Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia – (Serbia)
Espace Afrique International (EAI) – (Switzerland)
Gerard Noodt Foundation for Freedom of Religion or Belief – (The Netherlands)
Human Security Centre (HSC) – (United Kingdom)
Les Femmes, La Force du Changement – (France)
International Educational Development, Inc. (IED) – (United States)